Orc Opcodes

Orc Opcodes — Description of Opcodes

Orc Opcodes

Opcodes only work with variables of a particular size. In the table below, destination and source indicate the size of the destination and source operands, in bytes. In general, opcodes have a suffix indicating the sizes, "b" for 1-byte operations, "w" for 2-byte operations, and "l" for 4-byte operations. If the source and destination have different sizes, the source size suffix is listed first, then the destination suffix. For example, converting a 1-byte variable to 2-byte can be performed using the "convsbw" opcode.

Signed, unsigned, and saturating operations are indicated by the letters "s", "u", and "s". If signed or unsigned is not indicated, it generally means that the signedness is not relevant to the definition of the opcode, and that the operation on signed or unsigned values will give the same result.

The "select" opcodes divide the bits in the source value into two halves. For "select0", the half that is first in memory order is selected, and the latter half for "select1". In other words, "convwb" is the same as "select0wb" on little-endian systems, and "select1wb" on big-endian systems.

The "merge" opcodes take two values and put them together in memory order.

Accumulating opcodes require an accumulator variable as the destination. Accumulating opcodes start with "acc". These opcodes sum the source values over the entire array, and can be read from the OrcExecutor structure after an execution of an Orc program.

Shift opcodes only work with constants or parameters as the second source value.

For more precise understanding of operations, it is recommended to compile a program for the C target and examine the resulting C source code.

Table 1. Table of Opcodes

opcode destination source 1 source 2 description pseudo code
absb 1 1   absolute value (a < 0) ? -a : a
addb 1 1 1 add a + b
addssb 1 1 1 add with signed saturate clamp(a + b)
addusb 1 1 1 add with unsigned saturate clamp(a + b)
andb 1 1 1 bitwise AND a & b
andnb 1 1 1 bitwise AND NOT a & (~b)
avgsb 1 1 1 signed average (a + b + 1)>>1
avgub 1 1 1 unsigned average (a + b + 1)>>1
cmpeqb 1 1 1 compare equal (a == b) ? (~0) : 0
cmpgtsb 1 1 1 compare greater than (a > b) ? (~0) : 0
copyb 1 1   copy a
maxsb 1 1 1 signed maximum (a > b) ? a : b
maxub 1 1 1 unsigned maximum (a > b) ? a : b
minsb 1 1 1 signed minimum (a < b) ? a : b
minub 1 1 1 unsigned minimum (a < b) ? a : b
mullb 1 1 1 low bits of multiply a * b
mulhsb 1 1 1 high bits of signed multiply (a * b) >> 8
mulhub 1 1 1 high bits of unsigned multiply (a * b) >> 8
orb 1 1 1 bitwise or a | b
shlb 1 1 1 shift left a << b
shrsb 1 1 1 signed shift right a >> b
shrub 1 1 1 unsigned shift right a >> b
signb 1 1   sign sign(a)
subb 1 1 1 subtract a - b
subssb 1 1 1 subtract with signed saturate clamp(a - b)
subusb 1 1 1 subtract with unsigned saturate clamp(a - b)
xorb 1 1 1 bitwise XOR a ^ b
absw 2 2   absolute value (a < 0) ? -a : a
addw 2 2 2 add a + b
addssw 2 2 2 add with signed saturate clamp(a + b)
addusw 2 2 2 add with unsigned saturate clamp(a + b)
andw 2 2 2 bitwise AND a & b
andnw 2 2 2 bitwise AND NOT a & (~b)
avgsw 2 2 2 signed average (a + b + 1)>>1
avguw 2 2 2 unsigned average (a + b + 1)>>1
cmpeqw 2 2 2 compare equal (a == b) ? (~0) : 0
cmpgtsw 2 2 2 compare greater than (a > b) ? (~0) : 0
copyw 2 2   copy a
maxsw 2 2 2 signed maximum (a > b) ? a : b
maxuw 2 2 2 unsigned maximum (a > b) ? a : b
minsw 2 2 2 signed minimum (a < b) ? a : b
minuw 2 2 2 unsigned minimum (a < b) ? a : b
mullw 2 2 2 low bits of multiply a * b
mulhsw 2 2 2 high bits of signed multiply (a * b) >> 8
mulhuw 2 2 2 high bits of unsigned multiply (a * b) >> 8
orw 2 2 2 bitwise or a | b
shlw 2 2 2 shift left a << b
shrsw 2 2 2 signed shift right a >> b
shruw 2 2 2 unsigned shift right a >> b
signw 2 2   sign sign(a)
subw 2 2 2 subtract a - b
subssw 2 2 2 subtract with signed saturate clamp(a - b)
subusw 2 2 2 subtract with unsigned saturate clamp(a - b)
xorw 2 2 2 bitwise XOR a ^ b
absl 4 4   absolute value (a < 0) ? -a : a
addl 4 4 4 add a + b
addssl 4 4 4 add with signed saturate clamp(a + b)
addusl 4 4 4 add with unsigned saturate clamp(a + b)
andl 4 4 4 bitwise AND a & b
andnl 4 4 4 bitwise AND NOT a & (~b)
avgsl 4 4 4 signed average (a + b + 1)>>1
avgul 4 4 4 unsigned average (a + b + 1)>>1
cmpeql 4 4 4 compare equal (a == b) ? (~0) : 0
cmpgtsl 4 4 4 compare greater than (a > b) ? (~0) : 0
copyl 4 4   copy a
maxsl 4 4 4 signed maximum (a > b) ? a : b
maxul 4 4 4 unsigned maximum (a > b) ? a : b
minsl 4 4 4 signed minimum (a < b) ? a : b
minul 4 4 4 unsigned minimum (a < b) ? a : b
mulll 4 4 4 low bits of multiply a * b
mulhsl 4 4 4 high bits of signed multiply (a * b) >> 8
mulhul 4 4 4 high bits of unsigned multiply (a * b) >> 8
orl 4 4 4 bitwise or a | b
shll 4 4 4 shift left a << b
shrsl 4 4 4 signed shift right a >> b
shrul 4 4 4 unsigned shift right a >> b
signl 4 4   sign sign(a)
subl 4 4 4 subtract a - b
subssl 4 4 4 subtract with signed saturate clamp(a - b)
subusl 4 4 4 subtract with unsigned saturate clamp(a - b)
xorl 4 4 4 bitwise XOR a ^ b
convsbw 2 1   convert signed a
convubw 2 1   convert unsigned a
convswl 4 2   convert signed a
convuwl 4 2   convert unsigned a
convwb 1 2   convert a
convssswb 1 2   convert signed to signed with saturation clamp(a)
convsuswb 1 2   convert signed to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convusswb 1 2   convert unsigned to signed with saturation clamp(a)
convuuswb 1 2   convert unsigned to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convlw 2 4   convert a
convssslw 2 4   convert signed to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convsuslw 2 4   convert signed to signed with saturation clamp(a)
convusslw 2 4   convert unsigned to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convuuslw 2 4   convert unsigned to signed with saturation clamp(a)
mulsbw 2 1 1 multiply signed a * b
mulubw 2 1 1 multiply unsigned a * b
mulswl 4 2 2 multiply signed a * b
muluwl 4 2 2 multiply unsigned a * b
accw 2 2   accumulate += a
accl 4 4   accumulate += a
accsadubl 4 1 1 accumulate absolute difference += abs(a - b)
swapw 2 2   endianness swap special
swapl 4 4   endianness swap special
select0wb 1 2   select first half special
select1wb 1 2   select second half special
select0lw 2 4   select first half special
select1lw 2 4   select second half special
mergewl 4 2 2 merge halves special
mergebw 2 1 1 merge halves special
splitlw 2 4      
splitwb 1 2      
addf 4 4 4    
subf 4 4 4    
mulf 4 4 4    
divf 4 4 4    
sqrtf 4 4      
maxf 4 4 4    
minf 4 4 4    
cmpeqf 4 4 4    
cmpltf 4 4 4    
cmplef 4 4 4    
convfl 4 4      
convlf 4 4      

In the pseudo code of the above table, abs() indicates absolute value, clamp() indicates that any values outside the destination range are set to the nearest value in the destination range, and sign() evaluates to -1 for values less than 0, 1 for values greater than 0, and 0 for 0.

Rule Coverage

The values for shift operations are not correct in this table.

Table 2. Table of Opcode Rule Coverage

opcode name sse mmx altivec arm c64x-c
absb yes yes no no yes
addb yes yes yes no yes
addssb yes yes yes no yes
addusb yes yes yes no yes
andb yes yes yes no yes
andnb yes yes yes no yes
avgsb yes yes yes no yes
avgub yes yes yes no yes
cmpeqb yes yes yes no yes
cmpgtsb yes yes yes no yes
copyb yes yes yes no yes
maxsb yes yes yes no yes
maxub yes yes yes no yes
minsb yes yes yes no yes
minub yes yes yes no yes
mullb no no yes no no
mulhsb no no yes no no
mulhub no no yes no no
orb yes yes yes no yes
shlb no no no no no
shrsb no no no no no
shrub no no no no no
signb yes yes yes no yes
subb yes yes yes no yes
subssb yes yes yes no no
subusb yes yes yes no no
xorb yes yes yes no yes
absw yes yes no yes yes
addw yes yes yes yes yes
addssw yes yes yes yes yes
addusw yes yes yes yes yes
andw yes yes yes yes yes
andnw yes yes yes yes yes
avgsw yes yes yes yes yes
avguw yes yes yes yes yes
cmpeqw yes yes yes yes yes
cmpgtsw yes yes yes yes yes
copyw yes yes yes yes yes
maxsw yes yes yes yes yes
maxuw yes yes yes yes yes
minsw yes yes yes yes yes
minuw yes yes yes yes yes
mullw yes yes yes yes yes
mulhsw yes yes yes yes yes
mulhuw yes yes yes yes yes
orw yes yes yes yes yes
shlw no no no no yes
shrsw no no no no yes
shruw no no no no yes
signw yes yes yes yes yes
subw yes yes yes yes yes
subssw yes yes yes yes yes
subusw yes yes yes yes yes
xorw yes yes yes yes yes
absl yes yes no no yes
addl yes yes yes no yes
addssl no no yes no yes
addusl no no yes no yes
andl yes yes yes no yes
andnl yes yes yes no yes
avgsl no no yes no yes
avgul no no yes no yes
cmpeql yes yes yes no yes
cmpgtsl yes yes yes no yes
copyl yes yes yes no yes
maxsl yes yes yes no yes
maxul yes yes yes no yes
minsl yes yes yes no yes
minul yes yes yes no yes
mulll no no no no yes
mulhsl no no no no yes
mulhul no no no no yes
orl yes yes yes no yes
shll no no no no yes
shrsl no no no no yes
shrul no no no no yes
signl yes yes yes no yes
subl yes yes yes no yes
subssl no no yes no yes
subusl no no yes no yes
xorl yes yes yes no yes
convsbw yes yes yes no yes
convubw yes yes yes no yes
convswl yes yes yes yes yes
convuwl yes yes yes yes yes
convwb yes yes yes yes yes
convssswb yes yes yes yes yes
convsuswb yes yes yes yes yes
convusswb no no no yes no
convuuswb no no yes yes no
convlw yes yes yes no yes
convssslw yes yes yes no yes
convsuslw no no yes no no
convusslw no no no no no
convuuslw no no yes no no
mulsbw yes no yes no yes
mulubw yes no yes no yes
mulswl yes yes yes yes yes
muluwl no no yes yes yes
accw yes yes yes no yes
accl yes yes yes no yes
accsadubl yes yes yes no yes
swapw yes yes no yes yes
swapl yes yes no no yes
select0wb yes yes yes yes yes
select1wb yes yes yes yes yes
select0lw yes yes yes no yes
select1lw yes yes yes no yes
mergewl yes yes yes yes yes
mergebw yes yes yes no yes
splitlw yes no no no no
splitwb yes no no no no
addf yes no no no yes
subf yes no no no yes
mulf yes no no no yes
divf yes no no no yes
sqrtf yes no no no yes
maxf yes no no no yes
minf yes no no no yes
cmpeqf yes no no no yes
cmpltf yes no no no yes
cmplef yes no no no yes
convfl yes no no no yes
convlf yes no no no yes